By 1907, communication had begun to acquire a different meaning: a system of transmitting information over a distance. Because Chinese viewers often gathered in large groups to watch publicly owned sets, authorities estimated that two-thirds of the nation had access to television. In the 1950s existing facilities were repaired, and, with Soviet assistance, considerable progress was made toward establishing a long-distance telephone wire network connecting Beijing to provincial-level capitals. By 1987 China possessed a diversified telecommunications system that linked all parts of the country by telephone, telegraph, radio, and television. The latest figure (December 2011) have China's internet users exceeding 513 million making it the largest internet user in the world.[11]. The Central People's Broadcasting Station controlled China's national radio network. The nation ranks first in the world in numbers of both mobile and fixed-line telephones, and first in the number of internet users. Both categories showed substantial increases over the previous decade; in 1995 there were only 3.6 million cellular telephone subscribers and around 20 million main-line telephone subscribers. The exchange, days ahead of the U.S. elections, came as U.S. Defence Secretary Mark Esper toured Asia with Secretary of State Mike Pompeo where they had urged countries to cooperate with the United States to confront the security threats posed by China, a position China has criticised as a Cold War mentality and zero-sum mindset. Construction began on a major new CCTV studio in Beijing in 1985. By 1984 there were over 2,600 wired broadcasting stations, extending radio transmissions to rural areas outside the range of regular broadcasting stations. When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the telecommunication systems and facilities in China first established by the Qing and Republican ITA and Ministry of Posts and Communications had been seriously damaged from over thirty years of on and off war between warlords, Japan, and the two sides of the Chinese Civil War. China became the world leader in the early 21st century, in terms of number of cell phone subscribers. Current cable links between China and the US run through Japan. The nationwide network of wire lines and loudspeakers transmitted radio programs into virtually all rural communities and many urban areas. The combined main lines and mobile lines is expected to hit 976 million by 2008. [3] See Internet in the People's Republic of China. The Republic of China did not have this problem because it kept telecommunications and postal services in its Ministry after 1949, renaming it the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (Taiwan). Both militaries will exchange views via video conferencing on humanitarian aid in mid-November and on maritime security before the end of the year, Wu said. By 2003 there were 42 telephones per 100 population. By 1977 China had joined Intelsat and, using ground stations in Beijing and Shanghai, had linked up with satellites over the Indian and Pacific oceans. The Ministry of Radio and Television was established as a separate entity in 1982 to administer and upgrade the status of television and radio broadcasting. In 1987 the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (now the Ministry of Information Industry) administered China's telecommunications systems and related research and production facilities.

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