The hydrometer probably dates back to the Greek philosopher Archimedes (3rd century BC) who used its principles to find the density of various liquids. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Hydrometer used to measure the specific gravity of wine. The scientific formula to calculate this density is: Thus, the lower the density of the substance, the farther the hydrometer will sink.

These hydrometers are used under constant temperature conditions to measure humidity of atmosphere. The Baumé hydrometer, named for the French chemist Antoine Baumé, is calibrated to measure specific gravity on evenly spaced scales; one scale is for liquids heavier than water, and the other is for liquids lighter than water. Humidity Sensing Absorption Hydrometer Principle A change in resistance with change in humidity is taken as a measure of humidity. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

Omissions? He then discovered that when leads from the battery are…. Using an Alcoholmeter & Method. Holograms are often found on credit cards. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Updates? An early description of a hydrometer comes from a Latin poem, written in the 2nd century AD by Remnius, who compared the use of a hydrometer to the method of fluid displacement used by Archimedes to determine the gold content of Hiero II's crown. A change in resistance with change in humidity is taken as a measure of humidity.

This is type of Electrical Humidity sensing Absorption Hydrometer, know more about mechanical humidity sensing methods using Hair Haydrometer . The more cream, the lower the lactometer floats in the milk. This is an examples of Archimedes principle. The hydrometer & lactometer is based on Archimedes' principle.

Insert the Hydrometer into the suspension carefully and take Hydrometer readings at the total elapsed times of ¼, ½, 1 and 2 minutes. hydrometer is based on Archimedes' principle that a solid suspended in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. The response is of the order of few seconds. Immediately after shaking, place the Hydrometer jar on the table and start the stopwatch. The device consists essentially of a weighted, sealed, long-necked glass bulb that is immersed in the liquid being measured; the depth of flotation gives an indication of liquid density, and the neck can be calibrated to read density, specific gravity, or some other related characteristic. It floats highest in the densest fluids and has been calibrated and labeled so that specific gravity can be read from it directly. Hydrometer, device for measuring some characteristics of a liquid, such as its density (weight per unit volume) or specific gravity (weight per unit volume compared with water). Lesser the humidity (RH) in the atmosphere less will be the humidity absorbed by lithium chloride and higher will be the resistance. Humidity variation causes the resistance of the chemical (lithium chloride) to change. The main Parts of this arrangements are, two metal electrodes which are coated and separated by a humidity sensing hygroscopic salt (lithium chloride). Archimedes' principle :- when a body is immersed partly or wholly in a fluid, it is buoyed up with a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body." The glass hydrometer is filled with air and weighted with lead at the bottom. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. This hydrometer is floating in a fluid of specific gravity 0.87. Another instrument is the radiator hydrometer, in which the float is calibrated in terms of the freezing point of the radiator solution. ), Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Volume 2, "Un enfant illustre de Beaugency : le physicien et aéronaute Jacques Charles (1746-1823)". Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The change in resistance using a Wheatstone bridge and this change in resistance becomes a measure of humidity (RH) present in the atmosphere. The device consists essentially of a weighted, sealed, long-necked glass bulb that is immersed in the liquid being Accept Read More, Humidity Sensing Absorption Hydrometer Principle, Due to humidity, several materials experience a change in physical, chemical and electrical properties. Fakhry A. Assaad, Philip Elmer LaMoreaux, Travis H. Hughes (ed. Announcing our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! This website uses cookies to improve your experience. This property is used in transducer that are …, Sling Psychrometer is used to measure both the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures at time.

In practice, the floating glass bulb is usually inserted into a cylindrical glass tube equipped with a rubber ball at the top end for sucking liquid into the tube. These temperatures are a measure of humidity content in air…, Industrial Applications of Chromatographs, Basics of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Analyzers, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System Principle, DP Transmitter Interface Level Measurement Principle, Limitations, Selection, Installation, Design & Calibration, DP Transmitter Dry Leg & Wet Leg Calculations, Types of CPU Communication Ports in Siemens PLC.

Purpose: The alcohol concentration of the distillate is determined by measuring their densities using a special alcohol hydrometer also known as an alcoholmeter, usually calibrated at 20 ºC with readings in % v/v.. The mass of the displaced fluid is equal to the mass of the hydrometer. Others may be calibrated in terms of “proof ” of an alcohol solution or in terms of the percentage of sugar in a sugar solution.

Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). That is, the chemical absorbs moisture or loss moisture and causes a change in resistance.

2011, pages 63-64, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDenison1955 (. Immersion depth of the bulb is calibrated to read the desired characteristic.
This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/technology/hydrometer, British Broadcasting Corporation - Hydrometer, hydrometer - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). A typical instrument is the storage-battery hydrometer, by means of which the specific gravity of the battery liquid can be measured and the condition of the battery determined. Thus, the lower the density of the substance, the farther the hydrometer will sink. By floating a hydrometer first in water of density ρ, …employs an instrument called a hydrometer, which is a glass tube that is sealed at both ends and can float when placed in a liquid. The accuracy of this instrument is in +/- 25%. A Lactometer measures the cream content of milk. This is type of Electrical Humidity sensing Absorption Hydrometer, know more about mechanical humidity sensing methods using Hair Haydrometer.
After 2 minutes reading, remove the Hydrometer and transfer it to the distilled water jar and repeat step no-8.


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