At the same time, the Japanese economy needs many, many more new companies to emerge and grow (Fig.
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H�b```f``��� Subsequently, capitals contribution to growth fell, and during the period from 1991 to 1997, real GDP growth would have been negative had it not been for the contribution of TFP (Fig.
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Surveys show, for example, that fewer people now make acquiring goods such as consumer durables a priority in their lives, and more are attaching greater importance to leisure and recreation, and related services and optional expenditures (Fig. H��VMO[I�?���Ǭ���o)�� �e�c�qeX�Hb��>U��Ҟ���ռ����걏��퓼}{t~|v"^{r|0-��77�˓�7^�(�����ZrV�Ԩ�6���塿��7��l77ߞ��_d{7�z�����;^�(V������>��o�gp^�hv9�$Sk����!�k�M05�U�]� M��iˌ{lބ6�l�~����n�O/3����X����_�>��B�.·$3�P �4Wr���|e8�N���*�>�3���':�l��9ˆֳ�!i��z�K�cM.
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Although Japan went through a period of extraordinarily rapid growth, the growth rate has fallen as the economy has matured. i� ���0.���2�����������CՑ���M-����6^���jY���i\^��y2]~ц��¿p��+je�͡s�S��B��.j�\�],Yw8A���$�-�&=��>p��1� r�f�AN?� �(�tḊ���薀1�}���U�Nj�5P�;>�;+=�������GU�1#��U�� M�/�`�\
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As the business environment changes, it is becoming increasingly important that SMEs engage in business innovation in the widest sense of the term to make the most of their own unique strengths and to develop new markets. %%EOF
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Consequently, it is essential for Japan to establish a system for procuring energy resources from other nations stably and at low cost. ;�uY�f����qB&�v;ZV+��2�{XYEҋ��o��+]��o����P�5C�鸭V(���y���u�-!pauU�i�� d��w���8�;TWnl���p�~,ƺ7�_ �&oWe��}٤M_�]�ʮ��,b�>vޕ;�>@e��:UN��.��W���LH|:�3a�|��?G��9>�Br�(T��c%�1��%��9a/�$��S� �9�$ILQ�N}�#P����y�RB�s�=&�>s������UH��.Jp~��S�ꕶ����~0 ��
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Macroeconomic changes and globalization are transforming the economic environment in Japan. 0000001794 00000 n
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1-11). The 2018 White Papers (hereinafter refers to as the “reports”) explain a large number of case examples of leading SMEs and small enterprises committed to productivity improvement along with survey results, showing 113 case examples, more than double the number in the FY2017 reports. g
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���1�1��m���kf�5��P�n�u����s�X�T���ܔ��R�$&��2c��b�sL1���K�,q�d��w�C#G�ֵ� This theory sees SMEs as being weak, due in part to there being too many excessively small firms, which results in excessive competition, and the emphasis is placed instead on achieving
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The changing small business environment: Macroeconomic changes and globalization are transforming the economic environment in Japan. In comparison with other developed countries, Japanese SMEs have large workforces (Fig. � F��RA�R�Jc���F$h֕���mH�?�>�������9���ODXZ"��9"4:"(lF�*5+[�[�QFe�4*��4�r��/��,yg[C���rÛ*�$�8Pi������fG�B$�Q�����I�d)����)��^#����R��Q)�t�Y��L��Եi��4ퟳTJO�"H�Q�F�T�Pe����Y�QѺt��W�T�#��v"�AL��T1��aI�L�$iID��X��#aJ�I�wED�-+�F����������I�鶝`n��.Į�����'���o�]@��o��H �������g��v�vGș�+����o]sz�|GTV�|��͠��C��T,�cIwm2�|��V����)�'�,�q��bL��� The change in consumer behavior is making consumption patterns more transient, which means that even comparatively small companies should, if they can offer consumers attractive products and services, be able to quickly capture market share, and conversely that firms too heavily dependent on existing products and services could suddenly find themselves without a market. 0000001816 00000 n
Downsizing has, for example, become common, and many companies are spinning off operations (Fig. �|�c��[vN\ �K��BP��/�v�X These trends suggest that although economies of scale of business establishments determined by technological factors such as the size of individual plants still exist, economies of scale of corporations are not what they once were. WHITE PAPER ON LAND, INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT AND TOURISM IN JAPAN, 2013 Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. �@+����7=x֕�"��6�e�_�,L�E��d��fqh&����cI�/�����>�o�F^�§���W�.$�M^��P�6l�!都������������rs���ɢڌ��vs]�'mwʾ'�H���K�[ѻ�U�.6:{
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To achieve this vision, Japan’s Energy White Paper outlines a “Long-term approach to energy security in an era of … Chapter 1. TFP refers to things such as advances in technology and qualitative improvements in capital and labor. Long-term changes in the business environment. Section 1.
In the process of Japans postwar recovery and subsequent high-speed growth, a gap emerged between SMEs and larger firms in terms of productivity, wages, technology and financing which gave rise to the theory that Japan has what has been termed a dual economic structure. White Paper top page > 1999 White Paper on Small and Medium Enterprises in Japan. endstream
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Transformation of the dual structure of the economy and diversification of the smal l business sector. As a result, corporate performances are diverging, competition in the marketplace is intensifying, inter-firm relations are changing, and the start-up rate is falling. 1-2).
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